UI Post-UTME Geography 2025 (Model questions) past questions and answers

A Topographic map shows a conical hill with evenly spaced contour lines. Which deductions can be made?
i. The slope is uniform
ii. The hill is likely volcanic in origin
iii. The gradient is steep throughout
iv. The summit is flat

1. A.i & ii only
2. B.i only
3. C.i, ii & iii
4. D.ii & iv only

A climatic graph shows a distinct dry season and moderate rainfall between 800 − 1200mm annually. Which conclusions are justified?
i. The climate is savanna type
ii. Rainfall is evenly distributed
iii. Vegetation is mainly grassland with scattered trees

1. A.i & iii only
2. B.i, ii & iii
3. C.iii only
4. D.ii & iii only

A river displays a braided channel pattern. Which conditions are likely responsible?
i. High sediment load
ii. Variable discharge
iii. Steep gradient
iv. Stable channel banks

1. A.i, ii & iii
2. B.i & iv
3. C.ii & iii only
4. D.i, ii, iii & iv

Contour lines on a map are widely spaced in one area and closely spaced in another. Which is correct?
i. Widely spaced lines indicate gentle slope
ii. Closely spaced lines indicate steep slope
iii. The steep area is at lower elevation
iv. The gentle area must be a plateau

1. A.i & ii only
2. B.i, ii & iii
3. C.ii & iv only
4. D.i, ii, iii & iv

Which factors influence the location of industries?
i. Availability of raw materials
ii. Proximity to markets
iii. Supply of labour
iv. Presence of fertile soil

1. A.i only
2. B.ii & iv only
3. C.i, ii & iii only
4. D.i, ii, iii & iv

A river suddenly develops a waterfall along its course. Which conditions could explain this?
i. Presence of resistant rock overlying softer rock
ii. A fault or earth movement along the channel
iii. Uniform rock structure along the river course
iv. Sudden increase in river discharge

1. A.i, ii & iii
2. B.ii, iii & iv
3. C.i & ii only
4. D.i only

Which statements describe characteristics of the upper course of a river?
i. Steep gradient
ii. Dominance of vertical erosion
iii. Presence of wide floodplains
iv. Formation of V-shaped valley

1. A.i & iii only
2. B.i, ii & iv
3. C.ii & iii only
4. D.i, ii, iii & iv

A region experiences rainfall due to moist air rising over a mountain barrier. Which are correct?
i. Orographic rainfall occurs
ii. Windward side receives more rainfall
iii. Leeward side is dry
iv. Rainfall is evenly distributed

1. A.i, ii, iii & iv
2. B.ii & iii only
3. C.i & iv only
4. D.i, ii & iii only

Which factor influence the distribution of natural vegetation?
i. Climate
ii. Soil type
iii. Relief
iv. Latitude only

1. A.i & ii only
2. B.i, ii & iii
3. C.iv only
4. D.ii & iii only

A map shows a grid reference 345678. Which are correct?
i. It is a six-figure grid reference
ii. It gives a precise location
iii. Eastings are read before northings
iv. It identifies a large area

1. A.i, ii & iii
2. B.i & iv only
3. C.ii & iii only
4. D.i, ii, iii & iv

Which statements explain urbanization in developing countries?
i. Rural −Urban migration
ii. Industrial growth
iii. Availability of services
iv. Decline in birth rate

1. A.i, ii, iii & iv
2. B.ii & iv only
3. C.i only
4. D.i, ii & iii

Which processes are responsible for coastal erosion?
i. Hydraulic action
ii. Abrasion
iii. Solution
iv. Deposition

1. A.ii, iii & iv
2. B.i, ii, iii & iv
3. C.i, ii & iii
4. D.ii & iii only

A river meander is cut off from the main channel. Which feature is formed?
i. Oxbow lake
ii. Levee
iii. Delta
iv. Lagoon

1. A.iii & iv only
2. B.i, ii, iii & iv
3. C.i only
4. D.i & ii

Which conditions favour the growth of manufacturing industries?
i. Availability of power
ii. Access to transport
iii. Skilled labour
iv. Steep slopes

1. A.ii & iv only
2. B.i, ii & iii
3. C.i only
4. D.ii & iv

Which are characteristics of a tropical rainforest?
i. High biodiversity
ii. Dense canopy
iii. Seasonal leaf fall
iv. Evergreen trees

1. A.i, ii & iv
2. B.i & ii only
3. C.ii & iv only
4. D.i, ii & iii

Which are renewable resources?
i. Solar energy
ii. Wind energy
iii. Coal
iv. Hydro power

1. A.i, ii & iv
2. B.i & ii only
3. C.ii & iii
4. D.i, ii, iii & iv

A climatic region records low rainfall, high temperatures and sparse vegetation. Which statements are correct?
i. The region is likely desert
ii. Evaporation exceeds precipitation
iii. Chemical weathering is intense
iv. Vegetation is xerophytic

1. A.i & ii only
2. B.ii & iii only
3. C.i, ii & iii
4. D.i, ii & iv

Which statements describe desertification?
i. Loss of vegetation cover
ii. Soil fertility decline
iii. Expansion of arid land conditions
iv. Increased rainfall

1. A.i, ii & iii
2. B.i, ii & iv
3. C.ii & iv only
4. D.i, ii, iii & iv

Which are characteristics of plate tectonics?
i. Movement of lithospheric plates
ii. Formation of mountains
iii. Occurrence of earthquakes
iv. Only affects ocean floors

1. A.ii & iv only
2. B.i only
3. C.i, ii & iii
4. D.i, ii, iii & iv

Which statements describe population distribution?
i. Influenced by climate
ii. Influenced by relief
iii. Uniform globally
iv. Influenced by economic activities

1. A.ii, iii & iv
2. B.i, ii & iv
3. C.i & ii only
4. D.ii & iii only

Which processes shape river valleys?
i. Erosion
ii. Transportation
iii. Deposition
iv. Volcanism

1. A.ii & iv only
2. B.i only
3. C.i, ii & iii
4. D.ii, iii & iv

Which are characteristics of folded mountains?
i. Formed at convergent boundaries
ii. Involve compressional force
iii. Always volcanic in origin
iv. Contain sedimentary rock layers

1. A.i, ii & iv
2. B.i only
3. C.ii & iii only
4. D.i, ii, iii & iv

A region has high population density due to fertile soil and good rainfall. Which statements are correct?
i. Agriculture is likely intensive
ii. Food production is high
iii. Migration into the area may occur
iv. The area must be urban

1. A.i, ii, iii & iv
2. B.ii & iv only
3. C.i only
4. D.i, ii & iii

Which statements describe weathering processes?
i. Breakdown of rocks in situ
ii. Involves physical and chemical processes
iii. Always requires transportation agents
iv. Leads to soil formation

1. A.ii & iii
2. B.i, ii, iii & iv
3. C.ii & iv only
4. D.i, ii & iv

Which are factors affecting settlement location?
i. water availability
ii. Relief
iii. Climate
iv. Random choice

1. A.i, ii & iii
2. B.i only
3. C.ii & iv only
4. D.i, ii, iii & iv