JAMB Commerce 2014 past questions and answers

44 questions. Try each one, then open the answer to check yourself and read the explanation.

Question 2

Introduction to Commerce

Cooperation and friendliness are enhanced among nations through interdependence necessitated by

  1. A.tourism.
  2. B.commerce.
  3. C.agriculture.
  4. D.socio-cultural activities.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (commerce.)

Explanation

Nations trade with each other because none can produce everything, and this dependence builds cooperation.

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Question 3

Occupation

One of the products of an extractive industry is

  1. A.an airplane.
  2. B.an iron ore.
  3. C.a shoe.
  4. D.a textile material.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (an iron ore.)

Explanation

Extractive industries take resources from nature, such as iron ore from the ground.

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Question 4

Occupation

The payment for direct service is usually made by the

  1. A.local authority.
  2. B.community.
  3. C.government.
  4. D.individual.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (individual.)

Explanation

Direct services (doctors, lawyers, barbers) are paid for by the individual who receives them.

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Question 5

Production

An important feature of land is that, it

  1. A.has an elastic supply.
  2. B.is an active factor of production.
  3. C.is heterogeneous in nature.
  4. D.is subject to returns to scale.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (is heterogeneous in nature.)

Explanation

No two pieces of land are the same in fertility, location or minerals, so land is heterogeneous. Its supply is fixed and it is a passive factor.

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Question 6

Production

One of the major determinants of the volume of production is

  1. A.the market size.
  2. B.the availability of banks.
  3. C.sex distribution.
  4. D.government policy.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (the market size.)

Explanation

Firms produce as much as they can sell, so the size of the market limits production.

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Question 7

Occupation

Mrs. Jones who lives in the riverine community of Rivers State makes her living through crabbing and fishing. This type of occupation she is in is

  1. A.commercial.
  2. B.manufacturing.
  3. C.service.
  4. D.extractive.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (extractive.)

Explanation

Fishing and crabbing take resources directly from nature, so they are extractive occupations.

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Question 8

Retail Trade

To eliminate middlemen, there should be a retail outlet such as

  1. A.producer co-operative.
  2. B.consumer co-operative.
  3. C.multiple shop.
  4. D.departmental store.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (consumer co-operative.)

Explanation

In a consumer co-operative, consumers pool money, buy goods in bulk straight from producers and sell to members, so the middlemen's profit is cut out.

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Question 9

Foreign Trade Documents

The document issued by a port authority for goods deposited is a

  1. A.bill of lading.
  2. B.bill of sight.
  3. C.consular invoice.
  4. D.warehouse warrant.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (warehouse warrant.)

Explanation

A warehouse (dock) warrant is the receipt given for goods stored at the port, and it shows who owns them.

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Question 10

Foreign Trade Documents

The document submitted to the customs authority when full description of imported goods is not provided is

  1. A.a bill of sight.
  2. B.an invoice.
  3. C.an indent.
  4. D.a bill of entry.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (a bill of sight.)

Explanation

A bill of sight lets the importer inspect the goods with customs when he cannot describe them fully; the bill of entry follows later.

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Question 11

Foreign Trade

The role of customs and exercise authority includes the

  1. A.control of the flow of goods in and out of the country.
  2. B.control of security agents within and out of the borders.
  3. C.provision of dockyards for ship repairs and maintenance.
  4. D.provision of transport system to facilitate imports and exports.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (control of the flow of goods in and out of the country.)

Explanation

Customs checks goods coming in and going out, collects duties and stops smuggling.

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Question 12

Purchase and Sale of Goods

A document recording the transactions of an organization with its customer for a specified period which normally shows the indebtedness of one to the other is a

  1. A.statement of account.
  2. B.consular invoice.
  3. C.proforma invoice.
  4. D.statement of affairs.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (statement of account.)

Explanation

A statement of account lists the period's dealings and shows the balance one party owes the other.

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Question 13

Purchase and Sale of Goods

In response to an inquiry from a customer, a wholesaler is expected to send back

  1. A.a consignment note.
  2. B.an order.
  3. C.a quotation.
  4. D.an advice note.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (a quotation.)

Explanation

A quotation answers an inquiry by giving prices and terms.

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Question 14

Purchase and Sale of Goods

A carton of noodles valued at N2,000 was invoiced at N200 only. The accounting procedure to correct this error is to issue

  1. A.an invoice for N200.
  2. B.a debit note for N2,000.
  3. C.a credit note for N1,800.
  4. D.a debit note for N1,800.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (a debit note for N1,800.)

Explanation

The buyer was undercharged by 2 000 − 200 = N1 800, so the seller sends a debit note for N1 800.

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Question 16

Insurance

Endowment policy in insurance business is an aspect of

  1. A.accident insurance policy.
  2. B.fidelity guarantee insurance policy.
  3. C.motor vehicle insurance policy.
  4. D.life assurance policy.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (life assurance policy.)

Explanation

An endowment policy pays out at a set date or on earlier death, so it is a form of life assurance.

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Question 17

Insurance

Insurance against burglary is an example of

  1. A.indemnity insurance.
  2. B.fidelity guarantee insurance.
  3. C.non-insurable risk.
  4. D.non-indemnity insurance.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (indemnity insurance.)

Explanation

Stolen property can be valued, so burglary insurance restores the actual loss: indemnity insurance.

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Question 18

Insurance

The principle which requires the insurance company to disclose to the proposer all material facts of the risk to be covered is

  1. A.subrogation.
  2. B.proximate cause.
  3. C.uberrimae fidei.
  4. D.contribution.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (uberrimae fidei.)

Explanation

Uberrimae fidei (utmost good faith) requires both parties to disclose all material facts.

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Question 19

Insurance

The insurance principle that allows an insurance company to take over the rights of the insured once he has been compensated is

  1. A.indemnity.
  2. B.proximate cause.
  3. C.utmost good faith.
  4. D.subrogation.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (subrogation.)

Explanation

After paying the claim, the insurer takes over the insured's rights against anyone liable: subrogation.

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Question 20

Insurance

A trader who experienced loss through fire can be restored by

  1. A.an insurance company.
  2. B.a trade association.
  3. C.the bank.
  4. D.an advertising agency.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (an insurance company.)

Explanation

An insurance company compensates an insured trader so that he is put back where he was before the fire.

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Question 21

Transport

The distribution of petroleum products in Nigeria is through

  1. A.rail.
  2. B.road.
  3. C.sea.
  4. D.air.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (road.)

Explanation

Tanker lorries carry petrol and diesel from depots to filling stations all over the country.

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Question 22

Insurance

The deliberate effort geared towards discarding some cargoes in order to lighten the vessel is

  1. A.caveat emptor.
  2. B.uberrimae fidei.
  3. C.demurrage.
  4. D.jettison.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (jettison.)

Explanation

Jettison is throwing goods overboard to lighten a ship in danger.

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Question 23

Government and Business

The major aim of establishing a public corporation is to

  1. A.establish a monopoly.
  2. B.provide essential services.
  3. C.provide employment opportunities.
  4. D.encourage specialization.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (provide essential services.)

Explanation

Government sets up public corporations to provide essential services that private firms may not supply well or cheaply.

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Question 24

Business Combinations

The coming together of a manufacturing business with a firm that markets its products is

  1. A.backward integration.
  2. B.a consortium.
  3. C.forward integration.
  4. D.a syndicate.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (forward integration.)

Explanation

Joining with a firm further along the chain, towards the consumer, is forward integration.

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Question 25

Business Combinations

An association of voluntary organizations that work together for a common aim while retaining their independence is a

  1. A.syndicate.
  2. B.merger.
  3. C.cartel.
  4. D.consortium.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (cartel.)

Explanation

In a cartel independent firms agree on prices or output for a common aim but each keeps its identity.

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Question 26

Stock Exchange

The document that explains the types of shares available for sale to the public is

  1. A.a prospectus.
  2. B.an invoice.
  3. C.an open indent.
  4. D.a closed indent.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (a prospectus.)

Explanation

A prospectus invites the public to buy shares and gives details of the shares and the company.

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Question 28

Banking

A loan to a customer with a cheque account at a bank in which the account is allowed to go into debit is

  1. A.overdraft.
  2. B.advance.
  3. C.interest.
  4. D.commission.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (overdraft.)

Explanation

An overdraft lets a current account holder draw more than he has in the account.

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Question 29

Business Finance

Part payments made on allotted shares by subscribers is usually the

  1. A.subscribed capital.
  2. B.authorized capital.
  3. C.issued capital.
  4. D.called-up capital.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (called-up capital.)

Explanation

The part of the share price the company has asked shareholders to pay so far is the called-up capital.

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Question 30

Business Calculations

The net profit is the excess of gross profit and sources of income over all the expenses. This implies that net profit is

  1. A.the difference between gross profit and gross trade expenses.
  2. B.the difference between gross profit and net sales.
  3. C.sales less cost of sales including sales returns.
  4. D.opening stock add purchases less closing stock.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (the difference between gross profit and gross trade expenses.)

Explanation

Net profit is what remains of gross profit after all trading expenses are taken off.

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Question 31

Money

A form of money with face value which is greater than the value of the metal content is

  1. A.legal tender.
  2. B.bank notes.
  3. C.token money.
  4. D.commodity money.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (token money.)

Explanation

Token money (coins) is worth more as money than the metal it is made of.

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Question 32

Stock Exchange

An agent who transacts business with the broker in the stock exchange is a

  1. A.stag.
  2. B.bull.
  3. C.del credere.
  4. D.jobber.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (jobber.)

Explanation

Jobbers deal in shares on their own account and trade with brokers, who act for the public.

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Question 33

Stock Exchange

A document sent by a broker to his client to confirm a purchase of sale made on his behalf is

  1. A.delivery note.
  2. B.consignment note.
  3. C.transfer form.
  4. D.contract note.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (contract note.)

Explanation

A contract note confirms the details of the shares bought or sold for the client.

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Question 34

Stock Exchange

Cum div differs from ex div in that, the latter

  1. A.entitles the purchaser to receive a company's current dividend.
  2. B.entitles the vendor to receive a company's current dividend.
  3. C.confirms a purchase or sale made on behalf of a shareholder.
  4. D.is a document used to transfer ownership of shares.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (entitles the vendor to receive a company's current dividend.)

Explanation

Ex div means 'without dividend': the buyer does not get the current dividend, so the vendor keeps it. Cum div gives it to the buyer.

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Question 35

Stock Exchange

The payment made by a speculator to the buyer when he is unable to deliver stocks on the agreed date is

  1. A.arbitrage.
  2. B.franco.
  3. C.contango.
  4. D.backwardation.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (backwardation.)

Explanation

Backwardation is the fee a bear (seller) pays to delay delivering shares he has sold.

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Question 36

Stock Exchange

Which of the following regulates and controls the activities in the Nigeria Stock Exchange?

  1. A.BPE.
  2. B.SEC.
  3. C.NDIC.
  4. D.CBN.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (SEC.)

Explanation

The Securities and Exchange Commission regulates the capital market, including the Stock Exchange.

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Question 37

Business Management

The principle of management that emphasizes on the number of subordinates under the direct supervision of a manager is

  1. A.span of control.
  2. B.unity of command.
  3. C.scalar chain.
  4. D.unity of direction.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (span of control.)

Explanation

Span of control is the number of people one manager directly supervises.

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Question 38

Marketing

Marketing differs from selling in that, the latter only creates

  1. A.possession utility.
  2. B.marginal utility.
  3. C.form utility.
  4. D.place utility.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (possession utility.)

Explanation

Selling simply transfers ownership of goods to the buyer, giving possession utility; marketing does much more.

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Question 39

Marketing

A business that focuses attention on the quality of the goods produced by precisely knowing what the consumers desire is said to be operating the

  1. A.product mix.
  2. B.promotion mix.
  3. C.marketing concept.
  4. D.product orientation.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (marketing concept.)

Explanation

The marketing concept starts by finding out what consumers want and then makes goods to satisfy them.

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Question 41

Marketing

Which of the following aspects of marketing stimulates buying by providing free gifts?

  1. A.personal selling.
  2. B.sales promotion.
  3. C.advertising.
  4. D.publicity.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (sales promotion.)

Explanation

Free gifts, coupons and samples are sales promotion methods.

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Question 43

Law of Contract

Mr. Taiwo entered into a contract to let a car to Mr. Bunmi for his wedding for two days. However, the car had an accident before the first day. Mr. Bunmi attempted to claim damages but failed. This implies the contract was terminated by

  1. A.bankruptcy.
  2. B.frustration.
  3. C.breach.
  4. D.lapse of time.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (frustration.)

Explanation

An event beyond the parties' control made the contract impossible to perform, so it ended by frustration and no damages are due.

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Question 44

Purchase and Sale of Goods

Hire purchase is advantageous to the seller in that

  1. A.it elevates his living standard.
  2. B.his turnover will increase.
  3. C.people pay instalmentally.
  4. D.it enhances high level of patronage.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (his turnover will increase.)

Explanation

Selling on instalments attracts more buyers, so the seller's turnover rises.

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Question 45

Wholesale Trade

The difference between a factor and a broker is that the former

  1. A.is licensed to sell goods on auction.
  2. B.has a lien on the goods he possesses.
  3. C.is not in possession of the goods.
  4. D.cannot sell in his own name.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (has a lien on the goods he possesses.)

Explanation

A factor holds the goods and can keep them until he is paid (a lien); a broker never has possession.

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Question 46

Law of Contract

A contract which is devoid of legal effect is

  1. A.void contract.
  2. B.unenforceable contract.
  3. C.voidable contract.
  4. D.valid contract.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (void contract.)

Explanation

A void contract is treated as if it never existed, so it has no legal effect.

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Question 47

Computers in Commerce

The three functional units of a modern computer are

  1. A.input, processor and output units.
  2. B.processor, FOTRAN and output units.
  3. C.black box, output and input units.
  4. D.bASIC, COBOL and output units.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (input, processor and output units.)

Explanation

Every computer has input, processing (CPU) and output units.

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Question 49

Computers in Commerce

A Digital Versatile Disk is an example of a

  1. A.transmission control protocol.
  2. B.microprocessor.
  3. C.file transfer protocol.
  4. D.computer storage device.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (computer storage device.)

Explanation

A DVD stores data, so it is a storage device.

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Question 50

Business Environment and Social Responsibility

The social responsibility factor of an organization is geared towards

  1. A.contributing to the sustenance and development of its host community
  2. B.operating without disrupting the very essence of the environment
  3. C.tackling the socio-economic problems of the state
  4. D.meeting the needs and demands of the shareholders.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (contributing to the sustenance and development of its host community)

Explanation

Social responsibility means a firm gives back to and develops the community it operates in.

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