Theory question 103
Franchise, Elections and Electoral Systems(a) For elections to be described as credible, it must be "free and fair". As a student of Government, explain to your colleague, what constitutes: (i) free elections; (ii) fair elections
(b) Analyze four measures that can be adopted by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) to promote the integrity of the electoral process in Nigeria.
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(a)(i) Free election: one in which every qualified voter can register, campaign and vote for a candidate of his choice without violence, intimidation or bribery.
(a)(ii) Fair election: one conducted with a level playing field – impartial electoral body, equal rules and access for all parties, honest counting and announcement of results.
(b) Any four, analysed: accurate voters' register; use of technology (BVAS, IReV) to reduce human interference; recruiting and training competent, neutral officials; transparency at every stage; timely distribution of materials; strict enforcement of electoral laws and prosecution of offenders; voter education; adequate security at polling units.
Explain free and fair separately; then four INEC measures.