Theory question 103
Population(a) State four advantages of rural–urban migration (b) Describe four effects of rural–urban migration on the urban areas (c) Highlight two measures that can be taken to stop rural–urban migration.
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(a) Provides labour for urban industries and services; reduces pressure on rural farmland; migrants earn more and send money home; spread of ideas and skills when migrants return; growth of towns and commerce; better access to education and health for migrants.
(b) Overcrowding, housing shortage and slums; unemployment and underemployment; crime and social vices; traffic congestion; pressure on water, power, schools and hospitals; pollution and poor sanitation; high cost of living.
(c) Develop rural areas with amenities (electricity, water, roads, schools, hospitals); site industries and higher institutions in rural areas; create jobs and farm settlements; give loans and incentives to farmers; set up cooperatives.
Advantages in (a); problems for towns in (b).