Theory question 103
Manufacturing Industry(a) Outline any four advantages of concentration of industries in urban areas. (b) Highlight any three disadvantages of concentration of industries in urban areas. (c) Describe three factors responsible for the dominance of light industries in the developing countries
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(a) Available skilled and unskilled labour; large market nearby; good transport and communication; power, water and other infrastructure; linkage between industries (sharing inputs and services); banks and insurance; job creation for town dwellers.
(b) Pollution of air, water and land; congestion and overcrowding; slums and housing problems; high cost of land and rent; rural-urban migration; unemployment and crime; strain on social amenities.
(c) Low capital requirement; simple technology and little skill needed; large local market for consumer goods; use of local agricultural raw materials; quick returns on investment; limited power supply suits light industries; government incentives for small industries.
Separate the benefits of clustering from its problems.