64 questions. Try each one, then open the answer to check yourself and read the explanation.
The ability to work together towards a shared aim or goal is called
Answer: E (co-operation.)
Co-operation means working together to achieve a common goal.
HIV is the acronym for Human
Answer: E (Immuno-Deficiency Virus.)
HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, the option printed as 'Immuno-Deficiency Virus'.
Freedom to act as one pleases, but within the law is described as
Answer: D (human rights.)
Human rights include freedoms that let a person act as he likes, provided he stays within the law.
Inter-communal relationship is the interaction which exists among, groups, that ________ social interest in a given area, or place.
Answer: D (share)
Inter-communal relationship is interaction among groups that share common interests in an area.
The ability that helps individuals to handle object skillfully, in order to produce something new is called ________ skills.
Answer: E (manipulative)
Manipulative skills are skills of using the hands and tools to make things.
The inculcation of the awareness of the individual's rights and duties is derived from
Answer: A (civic education.)
Civic education teaches citizens their rights and duties.
The right to vote and be voted for is classified under ________ rights.
Answer: C (political)
Voting and standing for election are political rights.
The three component parts that gave birth to the present Nigeria in 1914 were
Answer: C (Northern and southern protectorates.)
In 1914 Lord Lugard amalgamated the Northern and Southern Protectorates (the Southern Protectorate already included Lagos Colony) to form Nigeria.
Inter-communal relationship can occur at all these levels, except
Answer: A (family.)
Inter-communal relations are between communities; relations within a family are interpersonal.
An election conducted to fill a vacant seat in the legislative chamber is called ________ election.
Answer: A (by)
A by-election fills a seat that becomes vacant between general elections.
The closest authority to the people at the grassroot in Nigeria is the ________ government.
Answer: C (local)
Local government is the tier closest to the people.
The right to freedom of association and freedom of movement fall into the category of ________ right.
Answer: E (social)
Freedom to associate with others and to move about are grouped with social (civil) rights in this classification.
An election conducted to determine a winner after a general election is known as ________ election.
Answer: E (run-off)
A run-off is held when no candidate meets the requirements to win in the first round.
The rights of Nigerian citizens are articulated in a document known as
Answer: C (constitution.)
Chapter IV of the 1999 Constitution sets out the fundamental rights of Nigerians.
Negative attitudes directed at people living with HIV / AIDS by the society can be described as
Answer: E (stigmatization.)
Stigmatization is the negative labelling and treatment of PLWHAs by society.
A self-reliant person can be said to be
Answer: B (independent.)
A self-reliant person depends on himself, that is, he is independent.
Any attempt to remove a government through illegal means is called
Answer: A (coup.)
A coup d'etat is the illegal, usually military, overthrow of a government.
The present constitution of Nigeria came into operation in
Answer: E (1999.)
The 1999 Constitution came into force on 29 May 1999.
Women Trafficking and Child Labour Eradication Foundation (WOTCLEF) was established by ________ in 1999.
Answer: A (Amina Titi Abubakar)
WOTCLEF was founded in 1999 by Hajia Amina Titi Atiku Abubakar, wife of the then Vice-President.
Franchise can be described as the political right to
Answer: D (vote and be voted for.)
Franchise is the right to vote and to be voted for.
In a democracy, political contest can be restricted on the basis of
Answer: A (age.)
Democracies set minimum ages for voting and contesting; restricting by class, race, religion or sex is discrimination.
Human rights can be grouped into ________ divisions
Answer: A (3)
Human rights are commonly grouped into three: civil and political; economic, social and cultural; and environmental/developmental rights.
In a democracy, power belongs to
Answer: A (electorates)
In a democracy sovereign power belongs to the people, who exercise it as voters.
The greatest hindrance to Nigeria political development is
Answer: B (corruption.)
Corruption diverts resources, weakens institutions and spoils elections.
The principle of the "rule of law" was propounded by
Answer: B (A. V. Dicey.)
A. V. Dicey set out the principle of the rule of law in 1885.
The deadly disease called Ebola was brought into Nigeria on
Answer: A (20th July, 2014.)
Patrick Sawyer, who brought Ebola into Nigeria, arrived at Lagos airport on 20 July 2014.
Which month was Nigeria declared Ebola free by the World Health Organization?
Answer: E (October, 2014)
The WHO declared Nigeria Ebola-free on 20 October 2014.
Constitutionalism is synonymous with
Answer: E (supremacy of the law)
Constitutionalism means government is limited by and conducted according to the constitution, the supreme law.
Ebola disease was brought to Nigeria by a Liberian called
Answer: C (Patrick Sawyer.)
Patrick Sawyer, a Liberian-American, brought the Ebola virus to Lagos in July 2014.
Checks and balances violate the principles of
Answer: E (separation of powers.)
Checks and balances let each arm interfere a little in the others' work, so strict separation of powers is not kept.
The National Directorate of Employment (NDE) was established in November
Answer: A (1986.)
The NDE was set up in November 1986 (and given legal backing by Decree 24 of 1989).
Human trafficking can result in the following, except
Answer: B (poverty.)
Poverty is a cause of human trafficking rather than its result; victims suffer death, shame, stigma and unwanted pregnancy.
The following are the causes of human trafficking, except
Answer: A (contentment.)
A contented person is satisfied with what he has and is not lured by traffickers.
The average Nigerian political office holder spends a minimum of ________ years.
Answer: B (four)
Elected office holders in Nigeria serve a four-year term.
The characteristics of representative democracy include all, except
Answer: A (arbitrary rule.)
Arbitrary rule is a feature of dictatorship, not democracy.
The following are forms of electoral malpractice, except
Answer: D (over-age voting.)
Being over 18 is lawful, so 'over-age voting' is not malpractice; under-age voting is.
The notion of equality before the law is based on the idea that the law
Answer: D (is not a respecter of person.)
Equality before the law means the law treats everyone the same, whatever his status.
What is the full meaning of CFR?
Answer: C (Commander of the Federal Republic)
CFR, Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic, is a Nigerian national honour.
Who was the American President who defined democracy as government of the people by the people and for the people?
Answer: A (Abraham Lincoln)
Abraham Lincoln gave this definition in the Gettysburg Address of 1863.
The Chief Justice of Nigeria is appointed by the president on the recommendation of the
Answer: C (National Judiciary Council.)
Under the 1999 Constitution the President appoints the CJN on the recommendation of the National Judicial Council, subject to Senate confirmation.
Which of the following is regarded as the symbol of the legislature?
Answer: D (The mace)
The mace is the symbol of the authority of the legislature.
The following are examples of civil society, except
Answer: B (Civil Service Commission.)
The Civil Service Commission is a government body; civil society groups are non-governmental.
The June 12, 1993 election was annulled by the then military government headed by
Answer: B (Ibrahim B. Babangida.)
General Ibrahim Babangida's government annulled the June 12, 1993 presidential election.
The judiciary is independent, when judges are
Answer: C (free from external control and interference.)
Judicial independence means judges decide cases without interference from anyone.
HIV can be contracted through the following ways, except
Answer: B (body contact.)
Ordinary body contact such as hugging or handshakes does not spread HIV.
The following are consequences of stigmatization, except
Answer: D (the virus becoming resistance to drugs.)
Drug resistance is a medical matter, not a result of stigma.
The stigmatization of HIV/AIDS can be expressed in the following ways, except
Answer: D (showing love to victims.)
Showing love is the opposite of stigmatization.
Which of the following protects the rights of the individual in a state? The
Answer: C (police and court.)
The police enforce the law and the courts give redress when rights are violated.
Fundamental Human Rights can be classified into the following, except
Answer: C (power.)
Rights are grouped as political, economic, social and religious (cultural); 'power' is not a class of rights.
The following are some of the limitations of human rights, except
Answer: C (indiscipline.)
Emergency situations, military dictatorship, over-zealous security agents and illiteracy/ignorance all limit people's enjoyment of their rights. Indiscipline is not one of the usual limitations of human rights.
Which of the following rights will be denied by a ban on public assembly? Right to
Answer: E (peaceful assembly and association.)
A ban on public gatherings directly denies the right to peaceful assembly and association.
Which of the following human rights is violated by the imposition of curfew by government? Freedom of
Answer: A (movement.)
A curfew stops people from moving about at certain hours.
Which of the following is not classified under security-oriented rights? Right to
Answer: C (own property.)
Owning property is an economic right; the key treats the others as rights that protect a person's security.
One of the important functions of political parties is
Answer: B (educating the electorates through rallies and campaigns.)
Parties carry out political education of voters through rallies and campaigns.
Which of these is not a factor that causes conflict?
Answer: E (Understanding)
Understanding promotes peace; the others can cause conflict.
Which of the following is not a skill that promotes interpersonal relationship?
Answer: B (Cruelty)
Cruelty damages relationships; the others build them.
Section A
Write short notes on the following concepts:- (i) Legislature (ii) Executive (iii) Judiciary
(i) Legislature: the law-making arm of government (in Nigeria the National Assembly: Senate and House of Representatives; State Houses of Assembly). It makes laws, approves the budget, checks the executive (oversight, impeachment) and confirms appointments.
(ii) Executive: the arm that carries out laws and policies (President, Vice-President, ministers, civil service; Governors at state level). It administers the country, prepares the budget, maintains law and order, conducts foreign relations and signs bills into law.
(iii) Judiciary: the arm that interprets laws and settles disputes (Supreme Court, Court of Appeal, High Courts, etc.). It interprets the constitution, protects citizens' rights, tries offenders and can declare unconstitutional acts void.
For each arm: what it is, who forms it, and its main functions.
Section A
List and briefly discuss five pillars of democracy.
Any five, each briefly discussed:
The constitution: supreme law that limits government.
Rule of law: everyone is subject to the law.
Independent judiciary: protects rights and checks other arms.
Free and fair elections / independent electoral body (INEC).
Political parties: offer choice and alternative policies.
Free press and mass media: inform people and hold government accountable.
Civil society: voices of citizens outside government.
Fundamental human rights entrenched in the constitution.
Separation of powers among the arms of government.
List five, then a sentence on each.
Section A
(a) Explain the phrase "Respect for constituted Authority".
(b) Give examples of five types of constituted authority.
(a) Respect for constituted authority means obeying, honouring and co-operating with persons and institutions lawfully established to exercise power, and obeying the rules they make.
(b) Any five:
Government authority, e.g. President, Governors, local government chairmen.
Legislative authority, e.g. National Assembly.
Judicial authority, e.g. judges, magistrates.
Traditional authority, e.g. Obas, Emirs, Obis.
Religious authority, e.g. Imams, Pastors.
School authority, e.g. principals, teachers.
Family authority, e.g. parents.
Law enforcement, e.g. police officers.
Give an example with each type.
Section A
Distinguish between majority and minority rule in an ideal democracy.
Majority rule: decisions are made and governments formed according to the wishes of the greater number (the candidate or party with the most votes wins; bills pass by majority vote).
Minority rule / minority rights: the smaller group (opposition, minorities) is not ignored; its rights are protected, it can criticise, contest future elections and become the majority.
In an ideal democracy the majority rules but must respect the rights of the minority; minority rule in the sense of a small group ruling the majority (oligarchy, dictatorship) is undemocratic.
Majority rule ensures legitimacy; protection of minorities prevents tyranny of the majority.
Make clear contrasts, point by point.
Section B
Briefly explain the roles played by NDLEA and NAFDAC in preventing drug abuse in Nigeria.
NDLEA (National Drug Law Enforcement Agency):
Arrests and prosecutes drug traffickers and users of illegal drugs.
Seizes and destroys illegal drugs; destroys cannabis farms.
Guards airports, seaports and borders against drug smuggling.
Runs enlightenment campaigns and counselling/rehabilitation of addicts.
NAFDAC (National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control):
Registers and regulates drugs and controls their manufacture, import and sale.
Seizes and destroys fake, expired and unregistered drugs.
Inspects pharmacies and patent medicine stores.
Educates the public on safe use of drugs.
Cover both agencies, several roles each.
Section B
Write short note on the following:- (i) Positive value. (ii) Negative value. (iii) Absolute value.
(i) Positive values: good, desirable values that society approves and that promote peace and progress, e.g. honesty, integrity, hard work, tolerance.
(ii) Negative values: bad, undesirable attitudes that harm society, e.g. dishonesty, corruption, laziness, greed.
(iii) Absolute values: values held as universally and permanently right, which do not change with time or place, e.g. respect for human life, truthfulness.
Define each and give examples.
Section B
(a) What is Responsible Parenthood?
(b) Mention four roles played by a Responsible Parenthood.
(c) Give three benefits of responsible parenthood.
(a) Responsible parenthood is the ability of parents to give their children proper care, guidance and the basic needs of life so that they grow into useful citizens.
(b) Any four:
Providing food, shelter, clothing and health care.
Educating the children.
Moral and religious training / discipline.
Protection of the children.
Being a good role model.
Giving love, attention and guidance.
(c) Any three:
Produces disciplined, responsible citizens.
Reduces social vices (crime, cultism, drug abuse).
Happy, stable homes.
Children achieve their potential, aiding national development.
Three parts; keep roles and benefits distinct.
Section B
Give the full meaning to the following acronyms and five of their functions each. (i) FRSC (ii) VID
(i) FRSC: Federal Road Safety Corps (now Commission). Any five functions: making highways safe; preventing and reducing road crashes; enforcing traffic rules on highways; issuing driver's licences and vehicle number plates; educating motorists and the public on road safety; rescuing crash victims; removing obstructions from highways.
(ii) VID: Vehicle Inspection Department/Officers. Any five functions: testing vehicles for roadworthiness; issuing roadworthiness certificates; testing drivers before licences are issued; arresting drivers of unroadworthy vehicles; checking vehicle particulars; enforcing traffic laws within states.
Write the full meanings, then five functions for each.