Theory question 103
Transport, Trade and Tourism(a) For any two of the following countries: Nigeria, Ghana, Sierra Leone and The Gambia, list (i) two commodities exported to countries outside West Africa (ii) two commodities imported from those foreign countries (b) Choose one of the countries in (a) above and name three of its most active foreign customers (c) What four measures can a country which experiences unfavourable balance of trade take to remedy the situation?
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(a) Nigeria: exports crude oil, cocoa (rubber, palm kernels); imports machinery, vehicles (chemicals, textiles). Ghana: exports cocoa, gold (timber, bauxite); imports machinery, petroleum products. Sierra Leone: exports diamonds, iron ore/rutile; imports rice, manufactured goods. The Gambia: exports groundnuts, fish; imports rice, textiles.
(b) e.g. Nigeria: USA, Britain, Germany (France, Netherlands, Japan).
(c) Increase and diversify exports; reduce imports through tariffs and quotas; import substitution industries; devaluation/exchange control; process raw materials before export; encourage tourism; borrow or attract investment.
Give real commodities for the countries you choose.