Theory question 206
Environmental Hazards and Conservation(a) Describe five causes of flooding (b) In what four ways can flooding be controlled?
Show the model answer
Model answer
(a) Very heavy or long-lasting rainfall; blocked or poor drainage channels (refuse dumping); building on flood plains and waterways; clearing of vegetation so run-off increases; collapse or release of water from dams; rising sea level / storm surges along coasts; melting snow.
(b) Building dams and reservoirs; dredging and channelising rivers; building good drainage and culverts; planting trees (afforestation); banning building on flood plains; levees and embankments; public enlightenment on refuse disposal.
Explanation
Give five causes and four distinct control measures.