Theory question 103
Human RightsSection A: National Ethics, Discipline, Rights and Obligations
(a) What is universality of human rights?
(b) With specific examples, explain the four categories of human rights.
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(a) Universality of human rights means human rights belong equally to every human being everywhere, regardless of race, sex, religion, nationality or status.
(b) Civil rights: protect personal freedom and dignity, e.g. right to life, personal liberty, fair hearing, freedom of movement.
Political rights: allow participation in government, e.g. right to vote and be voted for, freedom of association, freedom of expression.
Economic rights: concern livelihood and property, e.g. right to own property, right to work, fair wages.
Social (and cultural) rights: concern welfare and culture, e.g. right to education, health care, social security, practise one's culture and religion.
Each category with at least one example.