Theory question 103
Conservation of Natural Resources(a) Explain briefly the following terms: (i) renewable natural resources; (ii) non-renewable natural resources. (b) Give two examples each of: (i) renewable natural resources; (ii) non-renewable natural resources. (c) State five ways of conserving forests. (d) State four effects of adding animal manure to garden soil. (e) Give the possible genotypes in humans.
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(a)(i) Renewable resources are natural resources that can be replaced naturally (or by people) after use, so they need not run out if managed well.
(ii) Non-renewable resources exist in fixed amounts and cannot be replaced once used up, or take millions of years to form.
(b)(i) Any two: water, soil, forests/plants, wildlife/animals, air, sunlight.
(ii) Any two: petroleum (crude oil), coal, natural gas, minerals such as iron ore, tin, gold, limestone.
(c) Any five: afforestation and reforestation; forest reserves; controlled/selective felling; ban on bush burning and control of forest fires; laws against illegal logging; use of alternative fuels instead of firewood; taungya system; education of the public; fire belts.
(d) Any four: adds nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium); adds humus, which improves soil structure; increases water-holding capacity; improves aeration; increases soil organisms; reduces erosion; buffers soil pH.
(e) The question is unclear as printed. Likely meaning: haemoglobin genotypes AA, AS, SS (and AC, SC); or blood group genotypes AA, AO, BB, BO, AB, OO.
Part (e) seems out of place in the paper; give the common human genotypes.