Theory question 102
Animal Nutritiona. (i) Explain the term malnutrition as used in Animal Husbandry. (ii) If 10,000 layers were fed with diet containing 60% maize, 1.5% fishmeal, 28% groundnut cake and 1.5% oyster shell, name the limiting ingredients that are not included in the diet. (iii) State two importance of each of the nutrients named in 2 (a) (ii). b. Give two reasons why a poultry farmer should keep farm records. c. State four ways in which liver fluke could be prevented from completing its life cycle.
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a(i) Malnutrition: poor health caused by feeding animals a diet that lacks some nutrients, or has them in excess or in wrong proportions
(ii) Any of: vitamin–mineral premix; bone meal/dicalcium phosphate (phosphorus); common salt; essential amino acids (lysine, methionine); a fibre source such as wheat offal
(iii) Two uses each, e.g. vitamins: growth and good health, disease resistance; phosphorus/bone meal: bone and eggshell formation, energy metabolism; salt: appetite and water balance, prevents feather pecking; lysine/methionine: growth and egg production, feathering
b. Any two: shows profit or loss; helps planning; helps identify poor layers for culling; needed to obtain loans; helps disease control; detects theft
c. Any four: drain swampy areas; kill water snails (molluscicides, ducks); avoid grazing animals on wet land; deworm animals regularly with flukicides; fence off ponds/swamps; rotational grazing; burn or plough infested pasture; dispose of infected livers properly
In (a)(iii) give two points for each nutrient you named.