Theory question 103
Digestive System of Farm Animals(a)(i) Explain the term monogastric. (ii) Give two examples of monogastric animals. (b) Explain each of the following terms as used in animal nutrition: (i) concentrate; (ii) additive. (c) State four ways in which roughage is important in the diet of farm animals. (d) List four materials which could be used in milking cow. (e) Mention two animals each which could be fed on each of the following forms of prepared feed: (i) pellets; (ii) mash.
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(a)(i) A monogastric animal has a simple, single-chambered stomach and cannot digest much fibre
(ii) Any two: pig; poultry (chicken); rabbit; horse; dog
(b)(i) Concentrate: feed low in fibre and high in digestible nutrients (energy or protein), e.g. maize, groundnut cake, fish meal
(ii) Additive: a non-nutrient substance added in small amounts to feed to improve growth, health or feed use, e.g. antibiotics, coccidiostats, hormones, flavours, antioxidants
(c) Any four: provides bulk/fills the gut; fibre aids gut movement and prevents constipation; source of energy for ruminants via rumen microbes; stimulates rumination and saliva flow; keeps rumen healthy and maintains milk fat; cheap feed
(d) Any four: milking bucket/pail; stool; milking machine; udder towel and warm water/disinfectant; strip cup; milk can; sieve/strainer; teat dip
(e)(i) Pellets, any two: rabbits; fish; poultry (broilers); pigs; grasscutters
(ii) Mash, any two: poultry (chicks, layers); pigs; calves
Keep definitions short and give examples.