Theory question 103
Forestry and Wildlife(a)(i) Explain the term selective exploitation as used in forest management. (ii) State four advantages of selective exploitation of forest trees.
(b) Distinguish between field pests and storage pest of crops.
(c) Name three examples each of: (i) storage insect pests of crops; (ii) field insect pests of crops.
(d) Mention four ways of conserving water in the soil.
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(a)(i) Selective exploitation is felling only mature trees of chosen species and sizes, leaving the young and other trees to grow.
(ii) Any four: forest cover is kept, so soil is protected from erosion; young trees grow to replace those felled; preserves wildlife and biodiversity; ensures a continuous supply of timber; prevents extinction of valuable species.
(b) Field pests attack crops while they are still growing in the field; storage pests attack harvested produce in the store.
(c)(i) Any three: maize weevil; rice weevil; grain moth; bean beetle (Callosobruchus); flour beetle; yam beetle in barns; larger grain borer.
(ii) Any three: stem borer; armyworm; grasshopper; cotton stainer; aphids; pod borer; capsids; variegated grasshopper.
(d) Any four: mulching; cover cropping; adding organic matter; shading; reducing tillage; contour ploughing/ridging across slopes; windbreaks; controlling weeds.
Examples should be named insects.