Theory question 101
Agricultural Development(a) Explain what is meant by subsistence agriculture.
(b) Discuss briefly the interdependence of agriculture and industry under the following headings: (i) tools, implements and machinery industries; (ii) processing industries; (iii) agro-chemical industries.
(c)(i) What is farm surveying? (ii) With the aid of a diagram, explain the use of the 3, 4, 5 method in farm survey.
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(a) Farming in which the farmer, using simple tools and family labour on a small area, produces mainly enough to feed his family, with little or nothing for sale.
(b)(i) Industries make tools, implements and machines for farming, and farmers are their market; farming gives these industries demand and income.
(ii) Agriculture supplies raw materials (cocoa, cotton, oil palm, cassava, milk) to processing industries; the industries buy farm produce, add value, reduce waste and provide a market for farmers.
(iii) Agro-chemical industries supply fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, drugs and feed additives; farmers' demand keeps these industries going.
(c)(i) Farm surveying is the measuring and mapping of a farm to find its size, shape, boundaries and the position of features on it.
(ii) Diagram: right-angled triangle with sides 3 m, 4 m and 5 m (right angle at A). Explanation: from point A on the base line measure 3 m along the line to C and peg it; tie a 4 m cord to A and a 5 m cord to C; stretch both until they meet at B and peg it; angle BAC is then 90°, giving a perpendicular for setting out the farm.
The diagram in (c)(ii) must show the 3, 4 and 5 m sides and the right angle.