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Unilorin Post-UTME Physics 2023 (Model questions) past questions and answers

10 questions. Try each one, then open the answer to check yourself and read the explanation.

Question 1

Motion

An object is moving with a constant velocity. Which statement is true?

  1. A.the object is moving slowly
  2. B.the object is moving on a straight line
  3. C.the object is not accelerating
  4. D.the object has no forces acting on it
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (the object is not accelerating)

Explanation

Constant velocity means neither speed nor direction changes, so the acceleration is zero. Forces may still act on it, as long as they balance.

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Question 2

Motion

Which of the following statement about projectile motion is correct?

  1. A.the horizontal component of velocity remains constant throughout the motion
  2. B.the vertical acceleration is zero during the entire motion
  3. C.the range of a projectile depends only on its initial speed
  4. D.the time of flight depends on the angle of projection but not on the initial speed
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (the horizontal component of velocity remains constant throughout the motion)

Explanation

With no air resistance there is no horizontal force, so the horizontal velocity stays constant. Gravity acts vertically, and range and time of flight depend on both speed and angle.

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Question 3

Light and Reflection

The image formed by a plane mirror is

  1. A.real and upright
  2. B.virtual and upright
  3. C.real and inverted
  4. D.virtual and inverted
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Answer: B (virtual and upright)

Explanation

A plane mirror forms a virtual, upright image, the same size as the object and laterally inverted.

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Question 4

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength?

  1. A.radio waves
  2. B.microwaves
  3. C.visible light
  4. D.gamma rays
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Answer: D (gamma rays)

Explanation

Gamma rays are at the high-frequency end of the electromagnetic spectrum, so they have the shortest wavelength.

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Question 5

Electrostatics

The SI unit of electric charge is the

  1. A.ampere
  2. B.volt
  3. C.coulomb
  4. D.ohm
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Answer: C (coulomb)

Explanation

Charge is measured in coulombs: 1 C is the charge moved by a current of 1 A in 1 s.

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Question 6

Gravitational Field

The gravitational force between two objects depends on

  1. A.the mass of both objects and the distance between them
  2. B.the location of both objects and the mass
  3. C.the volume of both objects and the surface area
  4. D.the surface area only
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Answer: A (the mass of both objects and the distance between them)

Explanation

Newton's law: F = Gm1m2/r2, so the force depends on both masses and the distance between them.

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Question 7

Lenses and Optical Instruments

A converging lens has a radius of curvature 16.0cm, calculate the power of the lens

  1. A.6.25D
  2. B.12.5D
  3. C.25.0D
  4. D.5.0D
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Answer: B (12.5D)

Explanation

f = r/2 = 8 cm = 0.08 m. Power = 1/f = 1 ÷ 0.08 = 12.5 D.

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Question 8

Density and Upthrust

A solid weighs 0.04N in air and 0.024N when fully immersed in liquid of density 800kgm−3. Calculate the volume of the solid

  1. A.2 × 10−6m3
  2. B.2.5 × 10−6m3
  3. C.3.0 × 10−6m3
  4. D.4.7 × 10−6m3
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Answer: A (2 × 10−6m3)

Explanation

Upthrust = 0.04 − 0.024 = 0.016 N = ρVg. So V = 0.016 ÷ (800 × 10) = 2 × 10−6 m3.

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Question 9

Equilibrium of Forces

A uniform metre rule of weight 1.0N is pivoted at the 40cm. A weight of 2.0N is hung at the 15cm mark. Where must a weight of 2N be placed to balance the rule?

  1. A.60cm
  2. B.45cm
  3. C.55cm
  4. D.35cm
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Answer: A (60cm)

Explanation

Anticlockwise moment: 2 × (40 − 15) = 50. Clockwise: 1 × (50 − 40) + 2 × (x − 40) = 50, so 2(x − 40) = 40 and x = 60 cm.

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Question 10

Light and Reflection

Two plane mirrors are inclined at an angle of 60° to each other. Determine the number of images in the two mirrors?

  1. A.5
  2. B.2
  3. C.6
  4. D.7
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Answer: A (5)

Explanation

Number of images = 360°/θ − 1 = 360/60 − 1 = 5.

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