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JAMB Chemistry 1991 Question 49

Question 49

Fats, Oils and Soaps

Which of the following statements is TRUE of the complete hydrolysis of a glycerine by sodium hydroxide?

  1. A.3 moles of NaOH are required for each mole of glyceride
  2. B.3 moles of glycerol are produced.
  3. C.Only one mole of soap is formed.
  4. D.Concentrated H2SO4 is essential for the completion of the reaction.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (3 moles of NaOH are required for each mole of glyceride)

Explanation

A glyceride (fat) has three ester groups, so each mole needs 3 moles of NaOH, giving 1 mole of glycerol and 3 moles of soap.