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JAMB Chemistry 1980 Question 31

Question 31

Fats, Oils and Soaps

Hardening of an oil may be achieved by

  1. A.boiling the oil with water
  2. B.boiling the oil with a catalyst
  3. C.treating the oil with sodium hydroxide
  4. D.treating the oil with hydrogen and catalyst
  5. E.distilling the oil under reduced pressure.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (treating the oil with hydrogen and catalyst)

Explanation

Oils are hardened into fats (as in margarine) by adding hydrogen across their C=C bonds using a nickel catalyst.