Theory question 106
Pre-colonial Political SystemsSection B (answer four questions in all, two from each section)
Give reasons why the pre-colonial government in Yorubaland can be described as democratic.
Show the model answer
The Oba was chosen by kingmakers (Oyo Mesi) from the royal lineages, not simply inherited by the eldest son
Checks and balances: the Oyo Mesi could reject the Alaafin (empty calabash) and the Ogboni checked the Oyo Mesi
The Oba ruled with the advice of councils of chiefs
Chiefs represented their lineages and wards
The Bashorun as head of the Oyo Mesi acted on behalf of the people
Decentralised administration through provincial chiefs and Baales
Age grades and associations took part in decisions
Freedom of expression in assemblies; the Are Ona Kakanfo (army) was separate and had to win or commit suicide, preventing military dictatorship
Link each feature to a democratic principle.