Theory question 113
Geography of Africa(a) On an outline map of Africa, locate and name (i) two land-locked countries (ii) two ports, each in a different country, serving these land-locked countries (iii) the countries in which these ports are located
(b) What four major problems are facing land-locked countries in Africa?
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(a) e.g. Zambia served by Dar es Salaam (Tanzania); Uganda served by Mombasa (Kenya); Mali served by Dakar (Senegal) or Abidjan; Niger served by Cotonou (Benin) or Lagos; Burkina Faso served by Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire); Malawi served by Beira (Mozambique)
(b) High transport costs for imports and exports; dependence on neighbours' ports, roads and railways and on their goodwill; delays and congestion at foreign ports, customs formalities and transit fees; trade disrupted by border closures, wars or political disputes in transit countries; goods become dearer and exports less competitive; slower economic development
Each port must be in a different coastal country.