Theory question 206
Environmental Hazards and ConservationSelect either urban flooding or water pollution and discuss its (a) causes (b) effects (c) control measures
Show the model answer
Urban flooding:
(a) Heavy rainstorms; blocked or inadequate drains; building on flood plains and wetlands; paved surfaces increasing run-off; dumping of refuse in gutters and streams; dam failure/release; rising rivers or sea
(b) Loss of life; destruction of houses, roads and property; displacement of people; disruption of transport and business; water-borne diseases (cholera); pollution from refuse and sewage
(c) Build and maintain good drainage; ban refuse dumping in drains; town planning and no building on flood plains; channelisation and dredging; flood-control dams and embankments; afforestation of catchments; early warning
(Or water pollution: sewage, industrial effluent, oil spills, fertilisers; diseases, death of fish, bad taste; treatment plants, laws, proper waste disposal)
Treat only the hazard you choose.