Theory question 105
TransportCommerce 2 (answer five questions)
(a) What is transportation by pipeline?
(b) Explain any four advantages and four disadvantages of transportation by pipeline.
Show the model answer
(a) Pipeline transport is the movement of liquids and gases (crude oil, petroleum products, gas, water) through pipes, usually buried, from one place to another.
(b) Advantages (four): cheap to run once laid; continuous flow, day and night; not affected by weather or traffic; reduces road congestion and damage; safe from accidents compared with tankers; little labour needed; can cross difficult terrain.
Disadvantages (four): very costly to build; carries only liquids and gases; fixed route, inflexible; leaks and vandalism cause loss, fire and pollution; difficult to detect and repair faults; one-way flow; uneconomic for small quantities.
Explain each point in a sentence.