Theory question 102
Reproduction in Farm Animals(a) Explain each of the following terms as used in animal reproduction: (i) ovulation; (ii) oestrus cycle; (iii) heat period; (iv) parturition. (b) Mention five signs which would be observed in sheep when approaching parturition. (c) Name five components of incubator in poultry production. (d) Name two endoparasites of farm animals.
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(a)(i) Ovulation: release of a mature egg from the ovary
(ii) Oestrus cycle: the regular interval from one heat period to the next (e.g. about 17 days in ewes, 21 days in cows)
(iii) Heat period: the short time within the cycle when the female is willing to accept the male
(iv) Parturition: the act of giving birth at the end of pregnancy
(b) Any five: restlessness; swollen, reddened vulva; mucus discharge; enlarged udder and teats filled with milk; sinking of the area around the tail head; isolation from the flock; frequent lying down and getting up; loss of appetite; pawing the ground
(c) Any five: heat source/heater; thermostat; thermometer; hygrometer/water tray for humidity; egg trays; egg-turning device; fan/ventilation holes; insulated cabinet; observation window
(d) Any two: tapeworm; roundworm; liver fluke; hookworm; coccidia
Short definitions for (a).