10 questions. Try each one, then open the answer to check yourself and read the explanation.
Which type of RNA carries the genetic cycle from the DNA to the ribosome?
Answer: C (mRNA)
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is copied from DNA in the nucleus and carries the genetic code to the ribosome, where proteins are made.
Which of the following processes occurs during meiosis but not during mitosis?
Answer: C (crossing river)
Crossing over, the swapping of genetic material between homologous chromosomes in prophase I, happens only in meiosis. The other processes happen in both.
The functional unit of the kidney is the
Answer: A (nephron)
The nephron filters blood and forms urine; each kidney has about a million of them. The glomerulus is only one part of a nephron.
Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinator voluntary movements?
Answer: B (cerebellum)
The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements and keeps balance and posture.
The smallest blood vessels where gas exchange occurs are called
Answer: C (capillaries)
Capillaries have walls only one cell thick, so gases, nutrients and wastes pass easily between blood and tissues.
Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure in humans?
Answer: B (appendix)
The appendix has lost most of its original function in humans, so it is a vestigial structure.
In an ecosystem, which of the following is an example of primary consumers?
Answer: B (grasshopper)
Primary consumers are herbivores that eat producers; the grasshopper feeds on plants. Lions and hawks are higher consumers and the mushroom is a decomposer.
Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?
Answer: C (nitrogen)
Carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour trap heat; nitrogen gas (N2) does not.
What is the role of haemoglobin in the blood?
Answer: B (to transport oxygen)
Haemoglobin in red blood cells picks up oxygen in the lungs and releases it in the tissues.
What is the primary function of the large intestine?
Answer: B (absorption of water)
The large intestine (colon) absorbs water from undigested food. Nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine and bile is made by the liver.