JAMB Use of English 2004 past questions and answers
98 questions. Try each one, then open the answer to check yourself and read the explanation.
Question 1
Comprehension
JAMB 2004 Passage I: An uncommon father
We knew early in our life that the atmosphere in our home was different from that in many other homes, where husbands and wives quarrel and where there was drunkenness, laziness or indifference — things we never saw in our family. We chafed and grumbled at the strictness of my father's regime. We went to hide whenever we broke the rules too visibly. We knew, nevertheless, that our parents wanted good things for us. Some of these, such as the insistence on our going to school and never missing a day, we accepted readily enough, although, like most other children, we occasionally yielded to the temptation to play truant. However, in other cases such as their effort to keep us out of contact with the difficult life — the drinking and fighting and beer-brewing and gambling — their failure was inevitable. They could not keep us insulated. By the time we moved about, we were already seeing things with their eyes and judging things by the standards we had absorbed from them.
It was borne in on me and my brothers at a very early age that our father was an uncommon man. For one thing, in most African families, work around the home was women's work. So we were vastly impressed by the fact that whenever my mother was away, my father could and did do all her jobs — cooking, cleaning and looking after us. We lived in this way in a community in which housework was regarded as being beneath male dignity. Even in families which, like ours, produced boy after boy — our sister came fifth — it simply meant that the mother carried a greater and greater burden of work. In our family, nevertheless, the boys did girls' work and my father did it with us.
One of the prime chores of life in the family was fetching water from the pump down the street, some two hundred metres from our door. Since the pump was not unlocked until six in the morning and there was always crowding, a system had developed whereby you got out before dawn, placed your twenty-litre tin in line, and then went home, returning latter to take your place. Often, of course, tins would be moved back in line and others moved ahead. This could be corrected if none of those in front were too big a challenge.
When taps were substituted for the pumps, the first one installed was nearly a kilometre away from our house and we had to make the trek with the water tins balanced on our heads — an indignity because this was the way girls, not proud males, carried their burdens. All the children in the neighbourhood knew we did women's work and I can still hear their derisive laughter. We did our jobs doggedly, that notwithstanding, because our father and mother expected it of us. Out of choice, our father did everything we did, including fetching water on occasion, and commanded us by sheer force of his example.
Which of the following describes the father's role in the family?
A.being too hard on the children.
B.serving the children.
C.leading by example.
D.usurping his wife's role in the family.
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: C (leading by example.)
Explanation
The father did the housework and fetched water with his sons, and 'commanded us by sheer force of his example'. He led by example.
The word atmosphere, as used in the first paragraph of the passage, means
A.pattern
B.preference
C.unity
D.disposition.
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: A (pattern)
Explanation
'Atmosphere' here refers to the general way life was lived in the home, its pattern, which was different from the quarrelling and drunkenness of other homes.
A wolf, seeing a lamb drinking from a river, wanted to find a pretext for devouring him. He stood higher up the stream and accused the lamb of muddying the water so that he could not drink. The lamb said that he drank only with the tip of his tongue, and that in any case he was standing lower down the river, and could not possibly disturb the water higher up. When this excuse failed him, the wolf said: 'Well, last year you insulted my father.' 'I wasn't even born then,' replied the lamb.
'You are good at finding answers,' said the wolf, 'but what do you mean by taking up so much of the path where I am walking?' The lamb, frightened at the wolf's angry tone and terrible aspect, told him, with all due submission, that he could not conceive how his walking on such a wide path could occasion him any inconvenience. 'What!' exclaimed the wolf, seemingly in great anger and indignation. 'You are as impudent as your father who seized me by the throat last year, and caused me to be kept in a cage for three months.'
'If you will believe me,' said the lamb, 'my parents are poor simple creatures who live entirely by green stuff; we are none of us hunters of your species.' 'Ah! I see it's no use talking to you,' said the wolf, drawing up close to him. 'It runs in the blood of your family to hate us wolves, and therefore, as we have come so conveniently together, I'll just pay off a few of your forefathers' scores before we part.' So saying, he leapt at the lamb from behind and garotted him.
Adapted from Bennett, C.H. (1978)
The expression when this excuse failed him suggests that the
A.wolf only made up the charges levelled against the lamb
B.lamb was more intelligent than the wolf
C.lamb was prepared for the charges levelled against him
D.wolf was uncertain of the charges levelled against the lamb.
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: A (wolf only made up the charges levelled against the lamb)
Explanation
The wolf was looking for 'a pretext', and the writer calls his accusation an 'excuse'. This shows the charges were simply made up to justify eating the lamb.
B.exuberance, pollution, wickedness and stubbornness
C.garrulity, loquacity, pride and arrogance
D.pollution, insolence, obstruction and aggression.
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: D (pollution, insolence, obstruction and aggression.)
Explanation
The wolf accused the lamb of muddying the water (pollution), insulting his father (insolence), taking up the path (obstruction) and his family's attack (aggression).
Capitalism is an economic system which is founded on the principle of free enterprise and the private ownership of the means of production and distribution. The —11— [A. protagonists B. antagonists C. determiners D. attorneys] of capitalism claim that its essential characteristic is economic —12— [A. exploitation B. manipulation C. manoeuvring D. freedom]. The producer is free to produce whatever goods he —13— [A. sells B. buys C. fancies D. manufactures]; but the —14— [A. customer B. consumer C. controller D. marketer] is equally free to buy what he wants. There is a market mechanism under this system, which brings the producer and consumer together and tends to equate the supplies of the one to the demands of the other, and —15— [A. neutralize B. harmonize C. settle D. decide] the whims and caprice of both. It is this same —16— [A. market B. controlling C. operational D. production] mechanism which determines what prices the consumers pay to the producers, as well as what share of the total —17— [A. dividends B. interest C. output D. profit], in cash or kind, goes to each of the four recognized —18— [A. managers B. agents C. methods D. factors] of production - land, labour capital and organization. It is further claimed for this system that every person is capable of watching his or her own interest, and that whatever injustice is done by the —19— [A. pricing B. operations C. managers D. buyers and sellers] of the market mechanism, this mechanism tends to bring about a state of —20— [A. conflict B. equidistance C. equilibrium D. opprobrium] between the producers and the consumers.
Adapted from The Guardian, October 5, 2003, p.10
Passage III, gap 11: The ________ (11) of capitalism claim that its essential characteristic is economic (12).
A.protagonists
B.antagonists
C.determiners
D.attorneys
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: A (protagonists)
Explanation
Those who 'claim' good things for capitalism are its supporters, its protagonists. Antagonists would be its opponents.
Passage III, gap 12: The (11) of capitalism claim that its essential characteristic is economic ________ (12).
A.exploitation
B.manipulation
C.manoeuvring
D.freedom
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: D (freedom)
Explanation
Capitalism is founded on 'free enterprise', and the next sentences say the producer and consumer are both free, so its characteristic is economic freedom.
Passage III, gap 15: … which brings the producer and consumer together and tends to equate the supplies of the one to the demands of the other, and ________ (15) the whims and caprice of both.
A.neutralize
B.harmonize
C.settle
D.decide
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: B (harmonize)
Explanation
The mechanism brings the two sides into agreement, so it harmonizes their wishes.
Passage III, gap 17: … as well as what share of the total ________ (17), in cash or kind, goes to each of the four recognized (18) of production …
A.dividends
B.interest
C.output
D.profit
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: C (output)
Explanation
What is shared among land, labour, capital and organization is the total output of production. Interest and profit are only the shares of capital and organization.
Passage III, gap 19: … and that whatever injustice is done by the ________ (19) of the market mechanism, this mechanism tends to bring about a state of (20) …
A.pricing
B.operations
C.managers
D.buyers and sellers
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: B (operations)
Explanation
Injustice is done by the way the mechanism works, that is, by its operations.
If, once in a lifetime, you see a blue moon, don't think your eyes are playing tricks on you. It's caused by dust in our upper atmosphere; ice crystals are what make you see rings round the moon.
Over the centuries, magical powers have been attributed to the moon. It has been said to bring on lunacy, affect the growth of plants, eyes of cats, spots of panthers, functions of women and activities of ghosts. France once had a law against cutting timber except during a waning moon. The moon, and to a lesser degree the sun, does cause the ocean tides because of their gravitational pull. But a common mistake of primitive people is to think that everything timed in the same rhythm as the moon is caused by it.
All the moon gazing, probing and measuring has never solved the big problem: its origin. One theory is that it began as a planet, got too near the more massive earth, was 'captured' and turned into a satellite. Another is that the moon is the result of a giant tidal bulge forming on our earth's surface, separating, then spinning off into space. If the latter theory is true, scientists say, there would be two clues: the moon would consist of lighter material than the earth, and the earth would be left with a scar. As a matter of fact, the moon does weigh less. And the Pacific Ocean does have a scarlike bottom of basaltic rocks instead of the granite rocks usually found near the earth's surface.
But the assumption that, if man can get to the moon, he'll find the answer is unfounded. Man has been on the earth hundreds of thousands of years without determining the earth's origin. Scientists, of course, will never give up either quest.
Indeed, for thousands of years the moon has worked a spell of fascination over all the people on its near neighbour, the earth. The ancient worshipped this lamp in the sky and speculated about it endlessly. Modern astronomers continue to explore its mysteries almost every night of the year, and with reason.
Ages ago, before artificial light was known, it was important as illumination at night. As everyone knows, the moon has no light of its own; it shines with the cold reflection of the distant sun, but actually the moon is a poor mirror, reflecting only a fourteenth of the sunlight received. The earth reflects a third of its sunlight providing its satellite with 'earth light' sixty times as bright as the best moonlight. That's why we sometimes see the whole moon faintly when the sun is lighting up only a narrow crescent.
The phrase near neighbour, as used in the passage, shows that
A.moonlight generally shares many characteristics with 'earth light'
B.moonlight shines brighter on the earth's surface than perhaps elsewhere
C.the earth actually shares boundaries with the moon
D.the earth is nearer to the moon than to the sun.
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: D (the earth is nearer to the moon than to the sun.)
Explanation
'Near neighbour' means the earth is close to the moon in space, not that they touch. Of the options, only D states this closeness correctly: the moon is much nearer to the earth than the sun is.
Choose the option that best completes the gap(s): ________ his illness, Muhammad could not come to school.
A.with reference to
B.referring to
C.owing to
D.due to
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: C (owing to)
Explanation
At the start of a sentence, meaning 'because of', standard usage is 'owing to'; 'due to' is used after a noun or 'be' (His absence was due to illness).
Choose the option that best completes the gap(s): He not only looked after the children when their parents died, ________ sponsored their education to university.
Choose the option that best completes the gap(s): The interpreter was wrong because he gave the congregation a ________ translation of the pastor's statement.
A.literal
B.unilateral
C.literary
D.lateral
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: A (literal)
Explanation
A word-for-word translation that misses the intended meaning is a literal translation.
Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence: Everyone was ready to play the devil's advocate in the impeachment controversy.
A.everyone was willing to speak against the impeachment to encourage discussion on it.
B.everyone was willing to defend an unpopular point of view concerning the impeachment.
C.everyone was willing to fight for the defenceless citizens no matter the consequences.
D.everyone was willing to be an evil genius in the controversy.
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: A (everyone was willing to speak against the impeachment to encourage discussion on it.)
Explanation
A devil's advocate argues against an idea, not necessarily out of belief, so that it is discussed properly.
Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence: The investigators stated clearly that they had reached a dead end in their scrutiny of suspects in the murder case.
A.the investigators did not know what to do with the suspects' murder.
B.the investigators had evidence to sentence the suspects to death in the end.
C.there was no further progress in the investigation of the murder suspects.
D.the end had come for the suspects in the murder case.
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: C (there was no further progress in the investigation of the murder suspects.)
Explanation
A 'dead end' is a point where no further progress can be made.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase in italics: The festivals create in the people a feeling of pride in their cultural heritage.
A.history
B.heirloom
C.legacy
D.possession
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: C (legacy)
Explanation
Heritage is what is passed down from earlier generations, a legacy.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase in italics: The school's badge is the insignia of office for all the prefects in the school.
A.power
B.symbol
C.seal
D.recognition
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: B (symbol)
Explanation
An insignia is a badge or sign that shows rank or office, a symbol.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase in italics: The mottled skin of a person with HIV indicates an advanced stage of its development.
A.brown
B.spotted
C.scaly
D.pimply
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: B (spotted)
Explanation
'Mottled' means marked with patches or spots of colour.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase in italics: In spite of constant financial support from his father, Udenyi treats his studies with considerable levity.
A.seriousness
B.enthusiasm
C.wastefulness
D.lassitude
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: D (lassitude)
Explanation
'Levity' means treating something without seriousness. Of the options, 'lassitude' (lack of energy and interest) is closest; 'seriousness' is the opposite.