JAMB Literature in English 2007 past questions and answers

37 questions. Try each one, then open the answer to check yourself and read the explanation.

Question 1

Set Text: Hamlet

In William Shakespeare's Hamlet, the death of Polonius can be partly blamed on Hamlet's

  1. A.anger
  2. B.procrastination
  3. C.fear
  4. D.disenchantment
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (anger)

Explanation

In a fit of rage during his quarrel with Gertrude, Hamlet stabs blindly through the curtain, thinking Claudius is hiding there, and kills Polonius.

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Question 2

Set Text: Hamlet
JAMB 2007: William Shakespeare, Hamlet (extract: Laertes to Ophelia)
The passage, as printed

In the excerpt above, Laertes warns Ophelia to beware of Hamlet's attentions because

  1. A.of his insanity
  2. B.such attentions cannot be given by too young a person
  3. C.of his mournful state
  4. D.the sincerity of his love is in doubt.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (the sincerity of his love is in doubt.)

Explanation

Laertes tells Ophelia that Hamlet's love may be only a passing fancy and that as a prince he cannot choose freely whom to marry, so she should not trust it.

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Question 3

Set Text: Hamlet

Those effects which Claudius is still possessed of from the excerpt above are

  1. A.Hamlet's orchard and his crown
  2. B.young Hamlet and Gertrude
  3. C.the crown and the queen
  4. D.Norway and young Fortinbras.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (the crown and the queen)

Explanation

Claudius goes on to name them: 'My crown, mine own ambition, and my queen.' He cannot be forgiven while he keeps what the murder won him.

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Question 4

Set Text: Hamlet

In William Shakespeare's Hamlet, the two revenge plots revolve around

  1. A.Hamlet against Polonius and Laertes against Claudius
  2. B.Hamlet against Claudius and Laertes against Hamlet
  3. C.Claudius against Hamlet and Laertes against Gertrude
  4. D.Ophelia against Hamlet and Laertes against Hamlet.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (Hamlet against Claudius and Laertes against Hamlet)

Explanation

Hamlet seeks revenge on Claudius for murdering his father, and Laertes seeks revenge on Hamlet for killing Polonius.

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Question 5

Set Text: Hamlet

In William Shakespeare's Hamlet, how does Queen Gertrude finally die?

  1. A.Through strangulation.
  2. B.By venomed sword.
  3. C.From poisoned drink.
  4. D.Of snake bite.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (From poisoned drink.)

Explanation

During the duel Gertrude drinks from the poisoned cup Claudius had prepared for Hamlet, and she dies.

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Question 7

Other Set Texts: African Drama

In Ahmed Yerima's Attahiru, the play is about

  1. A.resistance to British administration
  2. B.opposition to Christianity
  3. C.disunity among the Hausa states
  4. D.unity in the caliphate.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (resistance to British administration)

Explanation

The play shows Caliph Attahiru and Sokoto resisting the British conquest and rule led by Lugard.

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Question 9

Other Set Texts: African Drama

In Ahmed Yerima's Attahiru, how does Lugard describe the battle between the white man and the Sokoto Caliphate?

  1. A.One between superior and inferior powers.
  2. B.One between Christians and Muslims.
  3. C.One of life and death.
  4. D.One of the superiority of wills.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (One between superior and inferior powers.)

Explanation

Lugard presents the British as the superior power which the Caliphate must accept.

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Question 11

Other Set Texts: Non-African Prose

In Thomas Hardy's Tess of the d'Urbervilles, one thing that Angel Clare hates most is

  1. A.the notion of old family
  2. B.marrying a girl of her parents' choice
  3. C.Cambridge education
  4. D.becoming a minister
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (the notion of old family)

Explanation

Angel Clare despises the idea of old, decayed families and noble blood; the dairy folk say he cannot stand old families.

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Question 12

Other Set Texts: Non-African Prose

In Thomas Hardy's Tess of the d'Urbervilles, at what time does Tess often look so transformed before Angel Clare?

  1. A.At 3 am on their way to milking the cow.
  2. B.At 12 midnight while retiring to bed.
  3. C.At twilight.
  4. D.At 12 noon.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (At 3 am on their way to milking the cow.)

Explanation

Hardy describes Tess and Angel meeting in the grey half-light before dawn on the way to milking, when she looks to him like a spirit or goddess.

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Question 14

Other Set Texts: Non-African Prose

In Thomas Hardy's Tess of the d'Urbervilles, Mrs. Joan Durbeyfield is portrayed as

  1. A.reticent and deeply emotional
  2. B.strong-willed and boisterous
  3. C.pretentious and calculating
  4. D.fastidious and overbearing.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (pretentious and calculating)

Explanation

Joan sends Tess to the rich d'Urbervilles hoping for a profitable marriage and is proud of the family's 'noble' descent: she is pretentious and calculating.

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Question 18

Other Set Texts: African Prose

In Ayi Kwei Armah's Fragments, it can be safely assumed that the novel is

  1. A.culturally simple
  2. B.structurally complex
  3. C.naturally simple
  4. D.physically relevant
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (structurally complex)

Explanation

The story is not told in a straight line: it shifts between time periods and between Naana's voice and the narrator's account of Baako, which makes its structure complex.

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Question 19

Other Set Texts: African Prose

In Ayi Kwei Armah's Fragments, the outdooring ceremony of Araba's child, fixed for the fifth day after his birth, is opposed to by Naana because the child

  1. A.is still in the custody of the spirits
  2. B.makes the spirits angry
  3. C.is reincarnated in the father
  4. D.needs the uncle's support.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (is still in the custody of the spirits)

Explanation

By tradition a baby is outdoored on the eighth day; Naana believes that before then the child still belongs to the spirit world, so bringing it out early is dangerous.

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Question 21

Non-African Poetry

The persona in Housman's To an Athlete Dying Young addresses the dead athlete using

  1. A.monologue
  2. B.apostrophe
  3. C.dialogue
  4. D.admonition.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (apostrophe)

Explanation

Apostrophe is addressing someone absent or dead as if they could hear; the speaker talks to the dead athlete throughout.

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Question 22

Non-African Poetry

In Keats' On the Grasshopper and Cricket, the frost of winter evenings is said to cause

  1. A.violence
  2. B.luxury
  3. C.silence
  4. D.loneliness.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (silence)

Explanation

Keats says that on a winter evening the frost 'has wrought a silence', which the cricket's song then breaks.

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Question 23

Non-African Poetry

In Milton's On His Blindness, the poet's attitude towards his blindness is one of

  1. A.anger
  2. B.sorrow
  3. C.fortitude
  4. D.apathy.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (fortitude)

Explanation

After a moment of complaint Milton accepts his blindness patiently, concluding that 'they also serve who only stand and wait': this is fortitude.

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Question 24

African Poetry

In Senghor's I will Pronounce Your Name, 'cinnamon' is significant for its

  1. A.dramatic irony
  2. B.botanical allusion
  3. C.olfactory image
  4. D.extended metaphor.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (olfactory image)

Explanation

Cinnamon is known for its fragrance, so the word appeals to the sense of smell, which is an olfactory image.

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Question 26

African Poetry

In Brutus' A Troubadour I Traverse, the poet juxtaposes

  1. A.love with hatred
  2. B.defiance with submission
  3. C.suffering with pleasure
  4. D.safety with danger.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (love with hatred)

Explanation

The speaker's love for his land is set against the hostility of the authorities who try to stop him, placing love beside hatred.

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Question 27

African Poetry

The concern of the poet in Serenade is to

  1. A.boast about the lover's wealth
  2. B.appeal to the lady in question
  3. C.examine the gloomy side of marriage
  4. D.express the lady's sense of grief.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (appeal to the lady in question)

Explanation

A serenade is a song sung by a lover to win a lady, so the poet's concern is to appeal to her.

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Question 29

African Poetry

In Odia Ofeimun's We must Learn Again to Fly, the use of 'we' gives the poem a

  1. A.universal appeal
  2. B.personifying effect
  3. C.symbolic undertone
  4. D.dramatic sensation.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (universal appeal)

Explanation

'We' includes the reader and everyone else in the poet's call, so the message applies to all people.

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Question 30

African Poetry

In Clark's Agbor Dancer, the poet watches the dancer with

  1. A.spite
  2. B.despair
  3. C.nostalgia
  4. D.rhapsody.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (nostalgia)

Explanation

The dancer's harmony with her tradition makes the poet long for the cultural roots he has lost, a feeling of nostalgia.

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Question 31

Literary Terms and Devices

A character that heavily relies on cultural types for his manner of speech, his personality and other distinguishing characteristics is

  1. A.a fictional character
  2. B.a stock character
  3. C.a rounded character
  4. D.an antagonist.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (a stock character)

Explanation

A stock character is a familiar, conventional type, such as the wicked stepmother or the boastful soldier, recognised by audiences from tradition.

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Question 32

Poetry: General

Monometer is a

  1. A.single meter of Coleridge's poem, 'Christabel'
  2. B.single foot used in John Milton's sonnets
  3. C.line repeated in the first syllable of a word
  4. D.line of verse consisting of a metrical foot.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (line of verse consisting of a metrical foot.)

Explanation

'Mono' means one: a monometer is a line of verse with only one metrical foot.

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Question 33

Figures of Speech

Zeugma is a figurative device in which a

  1. A.noun refers to two parts of an expression
  2. B.conjunction governs two parts of an expression
  3. C.verb refers to two parts of an expression
  4. D.pronoun governs two parts of an expression.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (verb refers to two parts of an expression)

Explanation

In zeugma one word, usually a verb, governs two others in different senses, e.g. 'She lost her keys and her temper.'

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Question 35

Drama: General

The part of a play when climax approaches is known as

  1. A.epitasis
  2. B.protasis
  3. C.catharsis
  4. D.catastasis.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (epitasis)

Explanation

In classical play structure the protasis introduces the action, the epitasis builds it up towards the climax, and the catastrophe resolves it.

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Question 36

Drama: General

Black theatre is drama concerned with

  1. A.mourners dressed in black
  2. B.actors of black origin
  3. C.the identity of black Americans
  4. D.Africans of West Indian origin.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (actors of black origin)

Explanation

Black theatre is drama written, produced and performed by people of black African descent about their own experience.

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Question 38

Poetry: General

A final stanza of a poem that is shorter than the preceding one is called

  1. A.epanalepsis
  2. B.antithesis
  3. C.envoi
  4. D.irony.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (envoi)

Explanation

An envoi (envoy) is a short stanza at the end of a poem, often addressing someone or summing up.

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Question 39

Literary Terms and Devices

That quality in a literary work which evokes tenderness, pity or sorrow is

  1. A.pathos
  2. B.patois
  3. C.pataphysics
  4. D.pathopoeia.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (pathos)

Explanation

Pathos is the quality in writing that moves the reader to pity or sadness.

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Question 40

Drama: General

The moment of recognition of truth when ignorance gives way to knowledge in a character is known as

  1. A.hamartia
  2. B.anagnorisis
  3. C.hubris
  4. D.anamnesis.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (anagnorisis)

Explanation

Anagnorisis is the point where a character discovers the truth, e.g. when Oedipus learns who he really is.

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Question 41

Literary Appreciation: Poetry
JAMB 2007: Ismeal Heron, Pardon me (extract)
The passage, as printed

The repetition in the lines above is a poetic device of

  1. A.plagiarism
  2. B.anaphora
  3. C.paralipsis
  4. D.alliteration.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (anaphora)

Explanation

Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or phrase at the start of successive lines, here 'If I'.

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Question 42

Literary Appreciation: Poetry

The poem achieves its significant effect through the use of

  1. A.quatrain and imagery
  2. B.rhyme and simile
  3. C.onomatopoeia and alliteration
  4. D.alliteration and personification.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (quatrain and imagery)

Explanation

The lines form a four-line stanza (a quatrain) and paint a vivid picture of a sack 'with bulging stomach', so the effect comes from the quatrain and its imagery.

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Question 43

Literary Appreciation: Poetry

The device used in the line above is

  1. A.repetition
  2. B.chronological
  3. C.refrain
  4. D.parallelism.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (repetition)

Explanation

'I will' and 'Obi' are repeated within the line for emphasis, which is repetition.

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Question 44

Literary Appreciation: Poetry

From the excerpt above, it can be said that the poet is being

  1. A.paradoxical
  2. B.antithetical
  3. C.illogical
  4. D.tautological.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (paradoxical)

Explanation

'A beginning that was the end of an era' seems self-contradictory but contains a truth (one age ends as another begins), which is a paradox.

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Question 45

Literary Appreciation: Prose and Drama

In the excerpt above, it is clear that the speaker is

  1. A.contented
  2. B.indifferent
  3. C.anxious
  4. D.enthusiastic.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (anxious)

Explanation

Kate fears she will be shamed now that her bridegroom has not arrived, and she pours out her distress: she is anxious and upset, not indifferent.

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Question 46

Literary Appreciation: Prose and Drama

From the excerpt above, the speaker is

  1. A.bereaved
  2. B.homeless
  3. C.recovering from an illness
  4. D.a trained nurse.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (bereaved)

Explanation

She came home to nurse her sick mother and found 'a house of ruin': her mother had died, so she is bereaved.

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Question 47

Literary Appreciation: Prose and Drama

The language of the speaker above is

  1. A.submissive
  2. B.inciting
  3. C.diplomatic
  4. D.imploring.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (submissive)

Explanation

The Caliph says he is willing to accept Allah's will and asks for fortitude to accept His commands: the language of submission.

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Question 49

Literary Appreciation: Prose and Drama

The speaker in the excerpt above is a

  1. A.trader
  2. B.surgeon
  3. C.meddler
  4. D.cobbler.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (cobbler.)

Explanation

He lives 'by the awl' and is 'a surgeon to old shoes': he mends shoes, so he is a cobbler.

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Question 50

Literary Appreciation: Prose and Drama

In the excerpt above, 'his silver hairs' refers to

  1. A.a judicial wig
  2. B.make-up
  3. C.old age
  4. D.wealth.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (old age)

Explanation

The conspirators want old Cicero to join them because his grey ('silver') hair, a sign of age and wisdom, will win them respect.

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