JAMB Government 2011 past questions and answers

38 questions. Try each one, then open the answer to check yourself and read the explanation.

Question 2

Political Culture and Socialization

The development of attitudes and beliefs about a political system is

  1. A.political participation
  2. B.political orientation
  3. C.political emancipation
  4. D.political socialization
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (political socialization)

Explanation

Political socialization is the process by which people learn and form their political attitudes and beliefs.

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Question 3

Political Culture and Socialization

Political behaviour is governed by

  1. A.political economy
  2. B.political culture
  3. C.political socialization
  4. D.political ideology.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (political culture)

Explanation

People's shared beliefs and attitudes about politics, their political culture, guide how they behave in politics.

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Question 4

Power, Authority, Legitimacy and Sovereignty

In a nation, sovereignty is vested in the

  1. A.elite
  2. B.electorate
  3. C.community
  4. D.state.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (state.)

Explanation

Sovereignty, supreme legal power, belongs to the state, which exercises it through its government.

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Question 5

Democracy and Representative Government

Which of the following is a feature of democracy?

  1. A.Power vested in minority parties.
  2. B.Popular consultation.
  3. C.Interdependence of states.
  4. D.State responsibilities to society.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (Popular consultation.)

Explanation

A democratic government regularly consults the people through elections, referendums and public opinion.

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Question 6

Political Ideologies

Private ownership of the means of production is central to

  1. A.capitalism
  2. B.communism
  3. C.fascism
  4. D.feudalism.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (capitalism)

Explanation

Capitalism rests on private ownership of land, factories and businesses run for profit.

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Question 7

Political Ideologies

A system based on hierarchies of land ownership is

  1. A.communism
  2. B.fascism
  3. C.feudalism
  4. D.totalitarianism.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (feudalism)

Explanation

Feudalism was a ladder of land-holding from the king to lords, knights and the serfs who worked the land.

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Question 9

Federal, Unitary and Confederal Systems

A major weakness of confederation is

  1. A.lack of local independence
  2. B.lack of common currency
  3. C.over-concentration of authority
  4. D.tendency towards secession.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (tendency towards secession.)

Explanation

Member states of a confederation keep their sovereignty and can easily pull out, so confederations tend to break up.

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Question 10

Legislature

Members of a parliament are required to report the proceedings of the house to their

  1. A.traditional rulers
  2. B.political parties
  3. C.constituencies
  4. D.local government chairmen.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (constituencies)

Explanation

Legislators represent their constituencies and should tell their constituents what happens in parliament.

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Question 11

Federal, Unitary and Confederal Systems

Which of the following countries is a unitary state?

  1. A.United States of America.
  2. B.Ghana.
  3. C.Nigeria.
  4. D.India.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (Ghana.)

Explanation

Ghana has a unitary system. The USA, Nigeria and India are federations.

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Question 12

Legislature

Ending a session of parliament by royal proclamation means the

  1. A.adjournment of parliament
  2. B.dissolution of parliament
  3. C.expiration of parliament
  4. D.prorogation of parliament.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (prorogation of parliament.)

Explanation

Prorogation ends a session of parliament by proclamation; parliament meets again later without an election. Dissolution ends parliament completely.

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Question 13

Presidential and Parliamentary Systems

A main feature of the parliamentary system is that

  1. A.electoral commissioners leave at the end of their tenure
  2. B.the executive is appointed by the legislature
  3. C.the executive consists of all party members
  4. D.judges are drawn from the ruling party.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (the executive is appointed by the legislature)

Explanation

In a parliamentary system the executive (prime minister and cabinet) comes from and depends on the support of the legislature.

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Question 15

Constitutions and Constitutionalism

The earliest classification of constitutions was the work of

  1. A.K.C. Wheare
  2. B.Plato
  3. C.Aristotle
  4. D.J.J. Rouseau.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (Aristotle)

Explanation

Aristotle compared many Greek city-state constitutions and grouped them by who rules and for whose benefit.

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Question 17

Legislature

An advantage of delegated legislation is that

  1. A.ministers and lawmakers work together
  2. B.it hastens the implementation of policy
  3. C.much time is saved in the process
  4. D.technical issues are handled by experts.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (much time is saved in the process)

Explanation

Passing detailed rules to ministers and agencies saves the legislature's limited time for major issues.

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Question 18

Citizenship, Rights and Duties

One essential duty of a citizen to his state is to

  1. A.pay his tax
  2. B.encourage other citizens to be loyal
  3. C.support the government in power
  4. D.recite the pledge.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (pay his tax)

Explanation

Paying taxes is a basic civic duty because it funds government services.

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Question 19

Franchise, Elections and Electoral Systems

Franchise in an electoral process means the

  1. A.the sovereignty of a nation
  2. B.rights and duties of citizens
  3. C.right to vote
  4. D.ownership of means of production.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (right to vote)

Explanation

The franchise is the right to vote in elections.

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Question 20

Political Parties and Party Systems

The type of party system in practice is defined by the

  1. A.manner in which the parties operate
  2. B.number of political parties in a country
  3. C.relationship between the parties and the electorate
  4. D.structure of the political parties.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (number of political parties in a country)

Explanation

Party systems are classified by the number of parties: one-party, two-party or multi-party.

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Question 23

Pre-colonial Political Systems

In pre-colonial Igboland, autocratic rule was made difficult by the

  1. A.pressure from age-grades
  2. B.activities of cult societies
  3. C.fear of dethronement
  4. D.absence of a centralized system of authority.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (absence of a centralized system of authority.)

Explanation

Igbo communities had no central king; power was spread among elders, assemblies and age-grades, so nobody could rule as a dictator.

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Question 25

Pre-colonial Political Systems

Under the pre-colonial Sokoto Caliphate system, the next in command to the Sultan was the

  1. A.Madaki
  2. B.Waziri
  3. C.Alkali
  4. D.Galadima.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (Waziri)

Explanation

The Waziri was the chief adviser and second in command to the Sultan, like a prime minister.

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Question 26

Pre-colonial Political Systems

Which of the following societies was classified as acephalous?

  1. A.Igbo.
  2. B.Ijaw.
  3. C.Benin.
  4. D.Ibibio.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (Igbo.)

Explanation

Acephalous means "without a head": the Igbo had no central ruler, unlike the Benin kingdom.

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Question 28

Nationalism

The main achievement of the nationalists in Nigeria was

  1. A.political liberation of the nation
  2. B.building the nation.
  3. C.registration of political parties
  4. D.economic liberation of the nation.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (political liberation of the nation)

Explanation

The nationalists' greatest achievement was winning political independence for Nigeria in 1960.

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Question 29

Nationalism

The major external factor that promoted nationalism in Nigeria was

  1. A.the Second World War
  2. B.Anti-apartheid Movement
  3. C.Pan-Africanism
  4. D.the Yom Kippur War.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (the Second World War)

Explanation

The Second World War weakened Britain, spread ideas of self-determination (Atlantic Charter) and exposed Nigerian soldiers to the wider world.

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Question 30

Constitutional Development in Nigeria

The presidential system of government was introduced in Nigeria with the Constitution of

  1. A.1960
  2. B.1979
  3. C.1989
  4. D.1999
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (1979)

Explanation

The 1979 Constitution introduced the executive presidency in place of the parliamentary system.

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Question 31

Political Parties and Party Systems

The Action Group crises of 1963 led to the formation of

  1. A.NPC
  2. B.NCNC
  3. C.UPP
  4. D.NEPU
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (UPP)

Explanation

After the 1962 Action Group split, Chief S.L. Akintola left and formed the United People's Party (UPP), later merged into the NNDP.

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Question 33

Civil Service

The rules and regulations of the civil service are called

  1. A.Service Order
  2. B.Administrative Order
  3. C.General Order
  4. D.Bureaucratic Order.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (General Order)

Explanation

The General Orders (now the Public Service Rules) set out the conditions and conduct of civil servants.

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Question 35

Political Parties and Party Systems

Which of the following political parties was the first to be formed when the ban on politics was lifted in 1978?

  1. A.NPN.
  2. B.UPN.
  3. C.NPP.
  4. D.PRP.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (UPN.)

Explanation

Chief Obafemi Awolowo launched the Unity Party of Nigeria immediately after the ban on politics was lifted in September 1978.

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Question 36

Nigerian Federalism

The principle of federal character was adopted in order to promote equitable allocation of

  1. A.Opportunities between males and females
  2. B.revenue between groups in the country
  3. C.positions and appointments among people of various regions
  4. D.appointments between the North and the South.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (positions and appointments among people of various regions)

Explanation

Federal character requires that public appointments reflect the country's diversity so no region or group dominates.

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Question 37

Nigerian Federalism

The component units of the Nigerian federation comprise

  1. A.federal, state, local government and federal capital territory
  2. B.federal capital territory, national assembly, supreme court and civil service
  3. C.national assembly, military, police and civil service
  4. D.constituency, ward, emirate and chiefdom.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (federal, state, local government and federal capital territory)

Explanation

The Nigerian federation is made up of the federal government, the states, the local governments and the FCT, Abuja.

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Question 38

Public Corporations

In Nigeria, privatization and commercialization policies were introduced to

  1. A.divest government major control of commercial ventures
  2. B.allow government control of the private sector
  3. C.hand over the control of commercial ventures to citizens
  4. D.increase the asset base of government.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (divest government major control of commercial ventures)

Explanation

These policies reduced government's ownership and control of commercial businesses.

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Question 39

Public Corporations

An example of a public corporation in Nigeria is

  1. A.National Population Commission
  2. B.First Bank of of Nigeria
  3. C.National Universities Commission
  4. D.Nigerian Television Authority.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (Nigerian Television Authority.)

Explanation

The NTA is a government-owned corporation providing a service. The NPC and NUC are regulatory commissions, and First Bank is private.

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Question 40

Local Government

Following the reform of the Native Authority system in Northern Nigeria, traditional rulers become

  1. A.Prefects
  2. B.Chief-in-council
  3. C.Council
  4. D.Chief-and-council.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (Chief-and-council.)

Explanation

Reforms in the 1950s moved the emirs from chief-in-council (acting alone if they wished) to chief-and-council (bound by the council's decisions).

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Question 41

Nigerian Federalism

Under whose regime were Akwa Ibom and Katsina States created?

  1. A.Gen. Sani Abacha.
  2. B.Gen. Yakubu Gowon.
  3. C.Gen. Murtala Muhammed.
  4. D.Gen. Ibrahim Babangida.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: D (Gen. Ibrahim Babangida.)

Explanation

Babangida created Akwa Ibom and Katsina States in 1987.

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Question 42

Franchise, Elections and Electoral Systems

Under the 1999 Constitutions of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the appointment and posting of members of election tribunal on the elections conducted by INEC is the responsibility of the

  1. A.Chief Justice of Nigeria
  2. B.President, Court of Appeal
  3. C.Chairman, Independent National Electoral Commission
  4. D.President of Nigeria.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (President, Court of Appeal)

Explanation

The President of the Court of Appeal constitutes election petition tribunals and posts their members.

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Question 43

Nigeria's Foreign Policy

Rhodesia was the former name of

  1. A.Zambia
  2. B.Namibia
  3. C.zIMBABWE
  4. D.Swaziland.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (zIMBABWE)

Explanation

Southern Rhodesia became Zimbabwe at independence in 1980. (Northern Rhodesia became Zambia in 1964.)

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Question 44

Nigeria's Foreign Policy

The adoption of non-alignment as a principle of Nigeria's foreign policy was aimed at

  1. A.fulfilling a basic requirement for acceptance in the UN Security Council
  2. B.insulating Nigeria against having to take side in the Cold War
  3. C.promoting Nigeria's leadership aspiration in Africa
  4. D.attaining equal status with the world powers.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (insulating Nigeria against having to take side in the Cold War)

Explanation

Non-alignment let Nigeria stay out of the East-West Cold War rivalry and act independently.

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Question 46

OPEC and Other International Organisations

Which of the following was a Secretary General of OPEC?

  1. A.Dalhatu Bayero.
  2. B.Rilwan Lukman.
  3. C.Jibril Aminu.
  4. D.Aret Adams.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B (Rilwan Lukman.)

Explanation

Dr Rilwanu Lukman served as OPEC Secretary General.

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Question 48

League of Nations and United Nations

Which of the following international organizations was in existence before the Second World War?

  1. A.The League of Nations.
  2. B.The ECOWAS.
  3. C.The UNO.
  4. D.The OAU.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (The League of Nations.)

Explanation

The League of Nations was set up in 1919-1920; the UN (1945), OAU (1963) and ECOWAS (1975) came after the war.

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Question 49

League of Nations and United Nations

The organ of the United Nations responsible for the approval of its annual budget is the

  1. A.General Assembly
  2. B.Economic and Social Council
  3. C.Secretariat
  4. D.Security Council.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: A (General Assembly)

Explanation

The General Assembly considers and approves the UN budget and decides members' contributions.

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Question 50

OPEC and Other International Organisations

Each member state is represented on the Board of Governors of OPEC for a period of

  1. A.4 years
  2. B.1 year
  3. C.2 years
  4. D.3 years.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C (2 years)

Explanation

Each OPEC member appoints a governor to the Board of Governors for a two-year term.

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